Farming & Carbon

Farmer IoT Platform: Soil Sensor to Carbon Credit

Mission Briefing

End-to-end architecture for smallholder farmers: 1. ESP32 + LoRa sensor sends soil data over LoRaWAN. 2. AWS IoT Core receives messages. 3. Lambda validates + transforms readings. 4. Timestream stores the time series. 5. Lambda computes monthly carbon sequestration estimates. 6. Results become carbon-credit candidates (QLDB). 7. SNS notifies a verification agent for field audit.

How it fits together

Follow the request/data flow through the architecture.

AWS IoT Core

→

Timestream

→

AWS Lambda

→

Amazon S3

Concept Walkthrough

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Work through each concept and mark it understood. This unlocks the knowledge check.

AWS IoT Core

Managed service connecting devices via MQTT with auth and rules routing.

Why it matters

Securely ingests sensor data (soil, energy, air) at fleet scale.

When to use it

Use as the front door for IoT telemetry feeding pipelines.

Gotcha (exam trap)

Per-device certificates and a rules engine matter — do not pipe raw device traffic straight into a database.

Hands-on: Infrastructure as Code

A realistic main.tf for this mission. Read it top to bottom — it mirrors the concepts above.

hcl

# Farmer IoT Platform: Soil Sensor to Carbon Credit
# BleepxCloud — ESG · Advanced
# Realistic starter — adapt names, regions and CIDRs to your environment.

terraform {
  required_providers { aws = { source = "hashicorp/aws", version = "~> 5.0" } }
}

provider "aws" {
  region = "eu-west-1"   # pick a region close to users / data-residency rules
}

# FinOps: mandatory cost-allocation tags on every resource.
locals {
  common_tags = {
    Project    = "bleepx-cloud"
    Domain     = "esg"
    Mission    = "farmer-iot-platform"
    ManagedBy  = "terraform"
    CostCenter = "REPLACE_ME"
  }
}

data "aws_caller_identity" "current" {}

# Event-driven function fronted by API Gateway.
resource "aws_lambda_function" "api" {
  function_name = "bleepx-api"
  runtime       = "python3.12"
  handler       = "app.handler"
  filename      = "build/api.zip"
  memory_size   = 256          # CPU scales with memory
  timeout       = 10           # hard ceiling is 900s (15 min)
  role          = aws_iam_role.lambda.arn
  environment { variables = { TABLE = aws_dynamodb_table.app.name } }
}

# Private bucket: encryption + versioning + public access blocked.
resource "aws_s3_bucket" "data" {
  bucket = "bleepx-${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}-data"
  tags   = local.common_tags
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block" "data" {
  bucket                  = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
  block_public_acls       = true
  block_public_policy     = true
  ignore_public_acls      = true
  restrict_public_buckets = true
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_server_side_encryption_configuration" "data" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
  rule { apply_server_side_encryption_by_default { sse_algorithm = "aws:kms" } }
}

Knowledge Check

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Mission Briefing

Hands-on: Infrastructure as Code

A realistic main.tf for this mission. Read it top to bottom — it mirrors the concepts above.

hcl

# Farmer IoT Platform: Soil Sensor to Carbon Credit
# BleepxCloud — ESG · Advanced
# Realistic starter — adapt names, regions and CIDRs to your environment.

terraform {
  required_providers { aws = { source = "hashicorp/aws", version = "~> 5.0" } }
}

provider "aws" {
  region = "eu-west-1"   # pick a region close to users / data-residency rules
}

# FinOps: mandatory cost-allocation tags on every resource.
locals {
  common_tags = {
    Project    = "bleepx-cloud"
    Domain     = "esg"
    Mission    = "farmer-iot-platform"
    ManagedBy  = "terraform"
    CostCenter = "REPLACE_ME"
  }
}

data "aws_caller_identity" "current" {}

# Event-driven function fronted by API Gateway.
resource "aws_lambda_function" "api" {
  function_name = "bleepx-api"
  runtime       = "python3.12"
  handler       = "app.handler"
  filename      = "build/api.zip"
  memory_size   = 256          # CPU scales with memory
  timeout       = 10           # hard ceiling is 900s (15 min)
  role          = aws_iam_role.lambda.arn
  environment { variables = { TABLE = aws_dynamodb_table.app.name } }
}

# Private bucket: encryption + versioning + public access blocked.
resource "aws_s3_bucket" "data" {
  bucket = "bleepx-${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}-data"
  tags   = local.common_tags
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block" "data" {
  bucket                  = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
  block_public_acls       = true
  block_public_policy     = true
  ignore_public_acls      = true
  restrict_public_buckets = true
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_server_side_encryption_configuration" "data" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
  rule { apply_server_side_encryption_by_default { sse_algorithm = "aws:kms" } }
}